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.Be it k wnxthat I, HENRY tionL- a This invention relates to processes of .bur ning fuel; and it comprises a method of burning fine or dusty -fuel,'such as run-ofmine coal,- coke breeze, fine coal, etc, wherein such fuel .is sprinkled with sulfite waste liquor just prior to burning all as more fully hereinaftenset forth and i s claimed. In burning-fine fuel on an ord narygratethetwo main difficulties .are dusting, in

the stoppage of draft.

It is a common expedient to. wet down,

such coal with waterprior to delivery to the'furnace chamber; the eifect of course being to agglomerate the dust particles into aggregates which are easier to handle. The bonding or clumping efiect is due. to the In so wetting down the coal the-advantage gained is mainly outside the furnace chamber in enabling more convenient handling since. as soon as the coal becomes warm the waterv evaporates and: the original .dust re-form's. The'wettin down does 'not help materially in thefire c amber, either in repressing flying dust or in keeping the fire bed open and pervious. f

-I have found that it isbetter to wet down the fine coal with an aqueous solution, of some bond ng material capable of charr1'ng. In so domg, the water exerclses its surface tension efiect in causin a clumping or bondingof the particles w ile as the water dis- .appears" by the warming of the coal in the" fire chamber, first the bonding effect of the "dissolved bodies develops. and thenthat of the char formed in their-carbonizatlon. In other words with such a solution there is a bonding and dust repressing efi'ect from first to last, the dissolved matter maintaining the clumps or aggregates formed by the first wetting. While many other watery, so-

- lotions containing dissolved matters'such as molasses and the like may be used in my invention I find that'for. a number of reasons the best material is a concentrated Waste sulfite liquor, which maybe advantageously I HIoKs HURT, a fcitiz'en ofthe United States, residing at Yonkers, in the county of Westches'ter and (State of New York, have invented certain new, and. useful Improvements in Burning v 'bisulfite 'of magnesia. Fuel, of which the following a specifica of theheat and presslire about half the v Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 311,27, 1920, ji n' aud and m 1i, 191a. Serial No 233,925... I

the 30 Baume productnow found on'the market as'a binder for cores andfthe like.

In the sulfite process of making wood pulp, the wood is digestedunder ressure with bisulfite of lime or bisulfite of lime and Under the influence Wood goes into solution; to form new organic bodies containing the elements of the original 'bisulfite while the residue of the wood remaining undissolved is the paper pulp or cellulose. For the sake of a name,

the. portion of the wood which goes into solutionis known as lignone and the combina tions it forms with the bisulfite ofv lime or magnesia are known as lig'no sulfonate of readily decomposing with the reformation h lime or ligno 'sulfonate of magnesia, The handling and in the furnace chamber, and

of the original bisulfite; and-it is diflicult to.

concentrate it to form commercial products. On heating it the slight amount of sulfurous acid present-catalyzes the formation of more sulfurous acid and decompositionbecomes a self-accelerating phenomenon. By

careful neutralizing the slight amount of acid present with t e aid of lime and evap- .orating in vacuo ata low temperature (see However suifite liquor evaporated in other ways may be here employed though I do not regard it as being as-advantageous as material concentrated in the described manner. In such material the original organic bodies of the sulfite waste liquorthat is the ligno sulfonate of lime ,or ligno sulfonates of lime and magnesia are preserved substana tially unchanged; i

Concentrated waste sulfite liquor of 30 Baum is aidark browniredviscous liquor containing about 50 per. cent. of its weight of solid matter. Although sulfur occurs in the ligno-sulfonates present yet its actual amount in the liquor is very small. The material is an excellent bonding agent for many fine powders 4 In the present invention I sprinkle the fuel which may be fine coal, run-of-mine coal, coke breeze, etc, with concentrated waste sulfite liquor. The liquor used may be the 30 Baurii material or such material diluted downwith two or three timesit-s volume of water. This depends largely upofrthe particular coal being treated. The amount used is merely that which willcause the finefuel to clump up and assume a nondusting, open or .pervious character. The,

fuel so treated is fired in the furnace in the ordinary way. As the fuel becomes hot the water evaporates leaving the organic matters of the sulfite liquor and these matters main tain the bond between the fuel particles.

vAs the heat'further increases the organic matters char and the char, now maintains the bond. In other ,words there is always a bonding agent present, this being at first the water, (or the water solution of organic solubles) later the organic solubles themselves and still later the char formed. The net result is that dusting-inhandling and within the furnace is prevented and the fuel mass is maintained. open and pervious.

-There is no tendency on the part'of the neaaeeo "ing. llfbwever with care molasses may be used-to obtain some of the results secured concentrated with I sul fite liquor. Other aqueous liquids containing dissolved organic matter, such as concentrated distillery slop,

concentrated tanning liquor, waste yeast I 'from breweries, etc., may be used in much the same way. But the concentrated 'sulfite llquor 1n additlon to being a convenient, commercial, readily procured materlaldlsplays great advantages in the present use over these other bonding agents.

What claim is l. The process of firing fine fuel which comprises wetting down said fine fuel with a concentrated aqueous solution of organic. matters and charging the wetted down material on a fire bed.

2. The process of firing fine fuelwhich comprises wetting down fine fuel with an aqueous liquid comprising the characteristlc SOllCl matters oi sulfite .waste liquor and charging the wetted down material while still wet on a fire bed.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signa ture hereto.

HENRY HICKS HURT.

Witnesses En J. KENNEY, H. J. Leeann. 

